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As birth rates decline and the average lifetime increases, labor markets are being altered in several ways. For Harvard Business Review, Whitman Professor and Bantle Chair in Entrepreneurship and Public Policy Maria Minniti detailed these changes in a co-authored piece.

“Aging individuals are not always able to find satisfactory outlets for their abilities,” she writes. “Moreover, finding sufficient funds to maintain the current level of pension and health-care benefits is a major concern for many countries.”